Wheel for cycles, motor-cars, carriages, and other vehicles.



PATENTED JUNE 18. 190?.

J. N B. MOORE.

MOTOR CARS CARRIAGES, AND OTHER VEHICLES.

WEEEL FOR CYCLES,

APPLIOKTION IILED' DEG 21, 1905.

2 BHEETS-SHBBT I.

f NI

w/r/vss, 5 4. 95W ,iam wabim No. 857,091. I PATENTED JUNE 18, 1907, J.N, B. MOORE. WHEEL FOR CYCLES, MOTOR CARS, GARRIAGES, AND OTHERVEHICLES.

APPLIOATION'IILED 10110.21, 1905.

ZSEEETS-SHEET 2 UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

JOHN NEWTON BALFOUR MOORE, OF IPSWICH, ENGLAND. WHEEL on cvcirs,MOTORCARS, CARRIAGES, AND omen VEHlCLES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June ie,19o7.

A li ti fil d December 21. 1905. Serial No. 292.854-

.To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN NEWTON BAL- FOUR MOORE, a subject of the. Kingof Great Britain, of Bourneside, Wherstead Road, Ipswich, in the countyof Suffolk, England, have-invented a new and useful Improvementin'Wheels for Cycles, Motor-Cars, Carriages, and other Vehicles, ofwhich the following is a specification.

.siliency, while the wheels are simple, inexpensive and durable.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in whichFigure 1' is a side elevation, partly in section of my invention. Fig. 2is a section through the center of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a perspective viewof one of the blocks. Fig. 4 is an end view of one of the bridge pieces.Fig. 5 is a side view thereof. Fig. 6 is a sectional View of amodification. Fig. 7 is a central cross section of a modification. Fig.8 is a art elevation and part section of Fig. 7. i 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13are modifications.

. g1 order to put my invention in operation (for example in'a wheelhaving wire spokes) I take two flat rings a, Fi 1, the outer diameter ofwhich issomew at less than that of the tread of the wheel on the round,their breadth and thickness being su cient to ive the strength for thePUIiPOSB to which t iey are to be applied, and arrange these two ringsparallel to each other and at a sufficlent distance apart as in Flg. 2.I preferably 'make the inner circumference of the rin s for a sufiicientdistance extend out laterally so that it forms a small or suitable angle1;, Fig. 2, with a radial lin'e continued'through that part of the sidering marked a. Between the parallel parts of the rin s I fit a series ofwood looks a (Fig. 2) (or 0 other suitable material) which extend cornlctely round between the two rings and can eely move radially in and outbetween them. These blocks are rectangular, or nearly so, as shown inFig. 3,

.for the insertion between each so that the spaces between their meeting.ends are wedge-shaped and wide enough to allow pair of blocks of astrong metal crosspiece (1, F1 2, stamped or otherwise formed and of a srape in side view corresponding with the wedge-shaped space (1, (Figs. 1and 4) exactly equal to the width between the, rings. lhese bridgepieces(as they are termed) are. firml 1 and strongly attached to, the rings aby l ugs e formed upon their inner, or thin, ends, (as shown in Fig. 5)at the position corresponding with that part b of the rings where itinclines outward as described, these lu s extending laterally andfitting into notc es or holes f, Fig. 1, made at regular distances a artto receive them in the outwardly ino ined part b of the rings a andthcrcbrazed, burred down as a rivet head, or otherwise strongly fixed uponthe outer side of the rin s, and at the same time screws 9 (Figs. 1 an2) are passed through holes h, near the outer diameter of the rings andfirmly screwed into corresponding screwed holes 1,

Fig. 4, near the outer or thick end of the brldge-piece d, or instead ofscrews, rivets or equivalent means may be used for that purpose.

Through the body of each bridge-piece a diagonal ole is (Fig. 5) is madeto receive the outer end Z of a wire spoke l (Fig. 2) which latterextends from the outer, or thick, end, of the bridge-piece and passesdiagonally through it to the outside of the inner or smallercircumference of the side ring and thence inward toward the hub ofthewhecl. These outer ends of the wire spokes are taered out to greaterthickness than their body, or they may have suitabie heads formed u ontheir ends, as shown, the holes through t e bridge-pieces being made ofcor- I responding shape, and the other end of the spoke is connected tothe short inner part Z (which is firmly attached to the hub) by acoupling m, Fig. 2, having a right and left handed screw thread for thepurpose of tightening up the spoke.

The wooden, or other blocks above described, the outer surfaces 0 ofwhich form the tread of thewheel, have their inner parts 0'' widened outangularly at the sides as shown ate, F1 3, (corresponding with theangled part b of the rings a.) to prevent them coming out from theirposition between the side rings when pressot by the elastic, orresilient, tire, and both their outerends c and inner ends 0 Fig. 3, arecurved to the radius of the wheel.

It will be seer:- that the two side rings with their bridge-pieces,which separate and hold them in position, form a strong and substantialiraine in which are carried and guided, 'so that they can move radiallybut cannot come out, the series of blocks which form the tread ofthewheel and that this frame is rigidly connected with the hub-of thewheel by its spokes on both sides.

In order to provide the necessary elastic bearing to receive thepressure of the blocks as they run upon the road I make the inner part cof the blocks somewhat concave in transverse section and they aresupported and pressed outward by a pneumatic tire or air chamber a, Fig.2, of the usual kind, which is' arranged inside them and against whichthey press. The inner'circumference of the pneumatic tire issupportedupon a j strong circular rim 0 of metal or wood, or both combined,resembling the ordinary rim of a cycle. \Vhen, therefore, the pneumatictire is pumped out the inner rim serves as an abutment for it while itsouter circumference presses outward with the desired force against theinner parts 0 of the series of blocks c. The rim 0 with its tire 1L orsprings when such an. used instead of a resilient tire),

which it carries is, therefore, absolutely free from the huh p andspokes Z of the wheel, so that the rim with the tire and tread sections0 are free to ove in the plane of the wheel and between re side ringsand spokes attached to them, and when the wheel is in use the wholeweight carried by the hub is borne more or *ss by that part of thepneumatic or resilic T tire situated above a horizontal line dranradially through the center of the wheel, thus aiiording a largeresilient or elastic surface for the said weight, while the lowerpontion of the resilient tire at the ground tread is also compressed,giving an extra and better cushioning to the whole.

' For some light vehicles, with pneumatic tires, endless side ringsmade'of wire of suitable gage and strength may also be used, and suchwire rings may be, for instance, of oval cross section as 1 Fig. 6, andheld in hooklormed lugs'e" of the wedge shaped bridgepieces (I to whichthe said rings may be fixed by brazing or equally ellicient means. Thespokes, which have a head Z on their outer ends, pass through eachbridge-piece, alternately, as shown by dotted lines, then to the inneror outer side of said rings, and finally connected to the hub bycouplings m or any suitable method desired. 7

For heavy vehicles, disk-spokes or spokes stemmed. from a metal plate,may be used, and they can be ribbed for s1 rength and.

7 and 8, as one single piece of metal--o11e end of the hub p may besuitably fixed to the one boss but the other boss 1) (with its attachedspokes and side ring) is connected as a distinct part to allow of itsbeing more easily removed from the hub (and opposite spokes and sidering) when required, although securely and firmly held thereto by a key,or equivalent means, when in use upon the road, and both side rings maybe still further held together by transverse bolts 8 or stays connectinga sullicient number of opposite spokes, orparts, and so made as to aidin. keeping both rings at their proper distance apart, in addition tothe bridge-nieces. In thisfigure (7) is also shown a fiat (forming akind of ollset) which allows of anextra' screwed, or othervise fixed, tothe face of each end of the latter for the purpose of both strengtheningthem and to act as a bearing upon the side rings. The lugs of thebridgepicces, likewise, have horizontal flats e which rest upon b buttheir outer parts 8 pass through and are held to the outer side ofnotches or holes f in the rings by stout pins, for example, passedthrough holes while the thicker end of each bridge-piece is fixed toboth rings by studs or bolts g.

In very heavy vehicles for which an extra Wide tread is required, two ormore separate rims with their resilient tires placed side by side, asshown in Fig. 7, or one rim (which may be strengthened by one or moreribs around its side nearest the hub) of sullicient width to accommodatetwo or more resilient tires, also side by side, may be used, withconcavities round the rim to retain each tire in position and themovable blocks or tread sections 0 made or double or extra width withcorresponding eoncavitios round their inner part The outer )art 0" ofsuch tread blocks may be still l urther widened out by an extension orflange 1:, Fig. 7, of wood or metal, projecting on both sides but not ofsuliicient radial depth to prevent full play ol the blocks at their partmarked in the figure. I I

In a nodiiication of mywheel the side rings are not partly inclincl'o-utward at their inner or smaller diamcter'as I) in Fig. 2, out areflat over their entire radial surface as c' Fig. 9, and made with strongand lirm hearingat b for the plate or lat e of the tread block a to restupon. The bridgepicces are made of similar shape torthoso in either madeas separate parts or stamped Fig. 7 with a flat also for the samepurpose with the side ring a and central boss p, bags. 1 and the outerpart e passes through notches I-IO in the side rings and is securedthereto in the same way as explained above in Figs. 7 and 8, while thethicker end of each bridge-piece a! is likewise securely fixed by themethod already described in the same figures. ()r if in this particula'r design of wheel, the side rings are cast, then the bridgeieces may bemade in two halves, each hal (formed as a lug) cast upon the inner sideof the oppositely placed side-rings. To connect these two rings a bolt ais passed through both halves (and side rings) all round the wheel, thuscoupling them as one coin lete bridge-piece, and this is in addition tot ie usual hub connection. The s okes may be solid, hollow, or tubular,an cast, bolted, or otherwise fixed to their proper side ring a andboss 1) as desired.

Fig. 10 shows another arrangement of my wheel with two wire rings 1' ofoval cross section, each resting between two lugs e on each side of thebridge piece, d. The two spokes on opposite sides of the wheel are madeas one piece, their part Z resting in a groove made in d (as shown bydotted lines) and each spoke )asses outside its own ring, through a loopor ole in lug. e and thence to the hub. If such rings be made ofsufficiently big gage (whether solid, hollow, or tubular, or otherwisein cross section) a notch may be cut, either upon the .outer side ofsaid rings for each spoke, (where it crosses the same) to rest in, orthe notclr can be upon the inner side.

Fig. 11 illustrates a method for spokes passing direct through the rings1- and lugs e in which case each spoke has a head Z formed upon it.

In Fig. 12 the wheel is shown with tour side rings 1' arranged two oneach side of the bridge-piece d. The spokes pass through the latterdirect and'to either side of, or through, the two rings if of smallerdiameter.

Fig. 13 shows an arrangement for holding both side-rings (1/ (of thellat plate type in Fig. 2) to the bridge-piece (I by rivets g and madestill more secure by alternate spokes, on opposite sides of the wheel,being extended to the outer side of the ring as shown, and each spokeheld by its, head Z. i

Although in the above description I have chielly referred to pneumatic(double and singletubc) and continuous solid-tires, it will beunderstood that I may use in my wheel solid tires, in sections, ofsuitable length, and also .cushion tires. S rings, too, preferably ofthe spiral form, with one end connected to the rim and its other to thetread block, can be adapted to my wheels for some form of vchicles,instead of the resilient tires above mentioned and each wood block maybe contained in a metal frame or sheath provided with side projectionsor flangesconformin or a proximately so, to those of the said bloclzs ortreads made entirely of metal and hollow may be advisable in some cases,and the surface of such, which is in contact with the ground, is)erforatcd in order to increase its grip upon tlie ground.

The details of construction of my improved wheel may be varied to suitvarying circumstances.

Having fully described my invention, what I desire to claim, and secureby Letters Patent, is

1. The improved wheel for cycles, motor carriages and other vehiclesconstructed with two flat rings a. parallel to each other and hav ingtheir parallel ends formed to receive blocks 0, metal bridge pieces (Ibeing liited between the blocks and attached to the rings a by lugs 6fitting into notches and screws g, spokes I attached at one out to thebridge pieces and at the other end to the hub of the wheel with theintervention of the couplings m, the inner pneumatic tire '72 supportedupon the circular rim 0 and pressing upon the inner concave shaped partsof the blotv rs c, substantially as described and shown in the drawings.

.2. A wheel for cycles and the like comprising parallel rings, blocksmovably held between the said rings, bridge pieces titted between theblocks and connected to the rings, a resilient tire pressing upon theinner ends of the blocks, a circular rim surrounding the innorcircumference of said tire and spokes conuecting the hub of the wheel tothe rings and bridge pieces said circular rim being independent of thespokes and hub.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in the presence of twowitnesses.

.ltlllb' .\'ll\\"ltli\' llAld 'llUli illtltlllli. Witnesses:

.Mrruta v]. lCnwauns, lhnurrur K. Burma.

